Sunday, October 6, 2013

Do water dragons bite?

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Mrs E


I am looking to get some kind of lizerd. But I have small childern and need to know what ones are the best to be with kids.


Answer
I found many inormation about water dragons for u

Water Dragons

Asian Water Dragon, Chinese Water Dragon, Green Water Dragon, Thai Water Dragon: Physignathus sp.

Species, Range and Description

P. cocincinus. Eastern and southeastern Thailand, eastern Indochina, southern China.
P. lesueurii. Eastern/southeastern Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria)

Water dragons are native to the Southeast Asian mainland and Indo-Australian archipelago. Most imports arrive from Thailand or southern China.
Males typically reach 3 feet; females are somewhat smaller. Males develop larger heads, jowls and crest on the back of the neck, and their femoral pores are somewhat larger than on the female.

Always have new animals checked by a vet for internal and external parasites (bring a fresh fecal sample if you can - or get one to the vet at the soonest opportunity), hydration, nutritional status and overall health.
Captive Environment
You will need a large enclosure, one larger than most people think will be needed by a lizard of this size. The reason most are missing much of their faces, rubbed off from the snout back past the front teeth, is that water dragons will literally rub their flesh off and break their jaw bones trying to get out of a too small enclosure. They need space at least 2 x their total length - so you are talking min 6 ft long (side to side), at least 2-3 feet deep and 4-6 feet high to do it right.
Water dragons can be kept together, with one to three males in a room-sized enclosure. Some females can be domineering and may not want any other females around...others can co-habit with 3-4 females. You must monitor them all the time to assure all are feeding and basking properly throughout the year. If any aren't, you are most likely seeing the results of intimidation and will need to increase the number of basking and feeding areas and/or increase enclosure size or separate them.

Water dragons are semi-arboreal but also need enough water to submerge and swim comfortably in, as well as branches for climbing, and plenty of ground area for roosting and feeding. They also need the appropriate thermal gradients, photoperiods, and a UVB light.
Substrate
Mixture of 2/3 peat soil + 1/3 clean sand with areas of bark. Can also keep on fake Astroturf. Very active digestive systems so lots of messy poop if they don't go in their water.
Branches
Placed on the diagonal for climbing, horizontal for roosting.
Plants
Suggestions for suitable live plants include dragon plants (Dracaena), pothos (Scindapsus aureus), Ficus benjamina trees, Monstera deliciosa (philodendron) and staghorn ferns. Plants will need to be replaced as they are shredded by claws or eaten.

Temperature
Day time: 84-88 F with drop to 75-80 F at night. Must have a basking area going up to 90 F during day at one side of tank. Use thermometers! No hot rocks - use overhead basking lights and an under-tank heat pad or one under the indoor/outdoor carpeting substrate.
UVB Lighting
Must have direct sun or a suitable UVB-producing fluorescent (Vitalite by Durotest or Zoo Med's 5.0+ Iguana or Reptile lights). Plant grow lights do not produce UVB and most so-called 'full spectrum" lights do not either. Must produce wavelengths in the 290-320 nm range.
Water
Must be available at all times for full body immersions up to at least 1/2 their height. Must be cleaned and disinfected daily...two days okay if they don't poop in it! If they dive into their water from a shelf or branch, you need to make the tub deeper so they do not injure themselves.

Feeding
Hatchlings and Juveniles:
2-3 week old crickets which have been previously gut-loaded (e.g., not right from pet store!) Also offer finely chopped vegetables and fruits (see iguana salad ingredients for a healthy salad). As the dragons grow, offer only slightly bigger crickets, and add in some mealworms and baby ('pink') mice, and occasionally a waxworm for a treat. Smaller food items are more nutritious and more efficiently digested than fewer bigger items. Feed every 2 days - or oftener if they look hungry.
Adults:
Small mice, 4 week old crickets, kingworms (Zoophoba) as well as plant matter. Feed every 2-3 days - or oftener if they look hungry. Also feed plant matter, such as greens and fruits (see iguana salad for recipe).

Miscellaneous Care Issues
Claw tips may be clipped. For how to do it, read the document claw trimming in the iguana page.
Water dragons, like sailfin lizards, can be held but they do not like to be clasped. Hold gently with your hand held loosely cupped around them.
Common Ailments in Captivity - caused by captive environment

* Abscesses - infections due to injuries or stress

* Internal Parasites (filthy import and pet trade conditions) (see below)

* Metabolic Bone Disease (Calcium Deficiency due to- poor diet, inadequate UVB and/or heat

* Rostral/Snout Damage - too small an enclosure

* Stomatitis (Mouthrot) - snout damage, systemic infection due to improper environment or stress

* Swollen/Infected Limbs - fractures due to MBD or getting caught in inappropriate tank setups.

* Articular/Periarticular/Pseudo Gout - improper foods and insufficient hydration

* Respiratory Infection - inadequate heat; stress

* Gastroenteritis - protozoan, bacterial or worm infections (see below)

Diet-related Parasitic and Protozoan Infections
Gastrointestinal parasites may inhabit the mouth, coming from infected prey or from regurgitated prey that brings up parasites from lower down in the intestinal tract. The parasites live out parts of their life cycle within the intermediate or primary host, taking up residence in and migrating through different organs and systems. Many such parasites come from fish and amphibians that are used by the parasite as intermediate hosts during their life cycle. Some of these parasites, such as Rhabdias spp. may cause abscesses within the mouth or may migrate to the lungs. These are commonly found in garter snakes (Thamnophis spp.), grass snakes (Natrix spp.), and water snakes (Nerodia spp.), and other reptile species fed primarily on fish. The reptiles themselves may be treated with levamisole at 10 mg/kg sq. Feeder fish may also be treated, left to swim for 24 hours in a gallon of water mixed with 250 mg of levamisole.

Protozoan infections due to amoebæ is a problem world-wide and can cause serious health complications and mortality, including in captive reptiles. The cysts are ingested either through eating an infected reptile's feces or that of some other infected animal, such as wastes from feeder animals. Once in the gastrointestinal tract, the amoebæ become active (trophozoites), and start reproducing by binary fusion. They start invading the mucosal lining of the GI tract, get into the blood, and spread through out the body through tissues and organs. Some trophozoitesr are transformed into cysts which are then excreted in the feces, awaiting to be ingested by another host. Fecal smears are required to visualize cysts and trophozoites; cysts can be found using fecal flotation, with fecal samples containing mucous or blood being the most likely to contain the cysts.

An interesting note... The most common - and pathogenic - amoeba in reptiles is Entamoeba invadens. Some reptiles (crocodiles, box turtles, garter snake, Northern black racer) may serve as a reservoir for this protozoan, carrying it and spreading cysts through their feces but not themselves showing any signs of illness. Certain reptile families seem to be particularly susceptible to dysentery from E. invadens infections (boids, crotalids, elapids, viperids, varanids), with giant tortoises as water snakes being most susceptible. This can be a problem in captive collections where enclosures are set up to house aquatic or terrestrial turtles and semi-aquatic or terrestrial lizards, such as sliders and water dragons. Accurate amoeba identification is essential as other amoebæ are not pathogenic in reptiles. If a fecal sample is not available, a colonic wash may be used to acquire a specimen for testing.

Postmortem exams of reptiles killed by E. invadens and other pathogenic amoebæ reveal inflammation, ulceration, or necrosis of the gastrointestinal tract or colon. The intestinal wall may be thickened with necrotic membranes. The bowel may be so involved that it is apparent that ingesta was not passed through in some time, which would be consistent with antemortem wasting, anorexia, and bloating. If spread through the blood stream, the liver, kidneys and other organs may contain abscesses, necrotic areas, and evidence general inflammation.

Amoebic infections are treatable once they are identified as such and the infection is detected and treatment started before tissue and organ damage is advanced. Maintaining proper environmental temperatures, exercising proper hygiene and quarantine procedures, and ensuring the infected reptiles are adequately hydrated will help increase survival rates.


Water Dragon Taxonomy(http://www.anbg.gov.au/anbg/reptiles/dragon-taxonomy.html#waterdragons)

Water Dragons belong to:
* Class: Reptilia
* Order: Squamata
* Family: Agamidae

World-wide, around 350 species are recognised currently in the family Agamidae. Of these, 72 species in 14 genera occur in Australia. Australian agamids are small to moderate-sized lizards. The Water Dragon is Australia's largest agamid lizard.

Water Dragons belong to the genus Physignathus. This genus has only two species world-wide.

The Chinese Water Dragon (Physignathus cocincinus) occurs throughout South-east Asia: eastern Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Cambodia and southern parts of China.

The Water Dragon species found in Australia is divided into two subspecies; the Eastern Water Dragon (Physignathus lesueurii lesueurii) and the Gippsland Water Dragon (Physignathus lesueurii howittii).
Subspecies differences:

The Eastern Water Dragon (Physignathus lesueurii lesueurii) has a dark stripe from ear to eye, that the Gippsland Water Dragon (Physignathus lesueurii howittii) lacks. The Eastern Water Dragon male has a red flush on its chest and darker bands. The Gippsland Water Dragon male has an olive-grey chest, and is distinguished with a colourful throat that is blotched or striped with various colours; orange, blue and yellow.
Chinese Water Dragon
Eastern Water Dragon
Gippsland Water Drago
History

Fossil and biochemical records of Physignathus in Australia show that they have existed here for the past 20 million years and are quite an ancient lineage of reptile.

J.E. Gray in 1831 first described the Water Dragon species in Australia. The original specimen was taken from Parramatta, NSW and is stored in the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France.

Eastern Water Dragon (Physignathus lesueurii)

http://rainforest-australia.com/Eastern_Water_Dragon.htm

Markings:

* It is an impressive lizard that grows up to 20 cm with a strong long tail that grows 2.5 times the body length.
* Males can be distinguished by their larger size and red chest. (Source: Environmental Protection Agency)
* The tail is compressed laterally for swimming, a skill is uses to escape threat and/or danger.
* The nostrils of the water dragon are specially placed on top of its snout as an adaptation to its aquatic habits.
* It is the largest dragon lizard in Australia, growing up to one metre in length (including their long tail). (Source: Environmental Protection Agency)

Habitat:

* Found all along the east coast of Australia, normally found around creeks, rivers or lakes.
* The water dragon is quite well known, as it is common where it is found and is quite easily seen running from a disturbance towards water.
* The lizard can remain submerged for up to 30 minutes and rise to the surface, where it can breathe while checking the area for danger before emerging back onto land.
* The eastern water dragon frequents braches overhanging the water, dropping in if disturbed, sometimes from quite a height. It feeds on a variety of insects and aquatic organisms, including frogs, as well as fruits. (Source: Environmental Protection Agency)

What are Water Dragons ?(http://www.anbg.gov.au/anbg/reptiles/dragon.html)
dentification: Water Dragons in Australia can be up to 1 metre, with long powerful legs and claws. Their tail forms 2/3 of their length and is almost all muscle. It is laterally compressed to help act like an oar when swimming. The Water Dragon has a nuchal crest â a central row of enlarged spikey spines at the back of the head. These spikes continue down the spine, decreasing in size to the base of the tail. At the tail the spines divide into two rows.

The Water Dragonâs upper body is a grey-green with cream and black transverse bands on the body and tail. Underneath the body is creamy brown-grey. They have loose folds of skin under the jaw, giving them an almost Bearded Dragon appearance.

Subspecies differences: The Eastern Water Dragon (Physignathus lesueurii lesueurii) has a dark stripe from ear to eye, that the Gippsland Water Dragon (Physignathus lesueurii howittii) lacks. The Eastern Water Dragon male has a red flush on its chest and darker bands. The Gippsland Water Dragon male has an olive-grey chest, and is distinguished with a colourful throat that is blotched or striped with various colours; orange, blue and yellow.

Sexual and age differences: Juvenile Water Dragons are light brown in colour, with head and feet disproportionately large compared with the adults. The female Water Dragons lack the bright colourations on the chest and throat, and have narrower, more delicate heads. The male Water Dragonâs head is much larger and angular.

Tips on keeping children's pythons.?




ben


I have searched google and yahoo for care sheets and stuff but before i get one i want to know all the details.


Answer
Childrens Python ( Antaresia Childreni )

[ Average Length ]
90cm

[ Average Lifespan ]
20 to 25 years

[ Housing ]
Should be housed individually. Hatchling and juvenile snakes can be kept in small plastic tubs with a secure lid (provided they have air holes). An adult needs an enclosure size of at least 60cm long x 40cm wide x 40cm high. Substrate should just be paper towel or newspaper, its much more hygenic and it very quick and easy to change when it is soiled. Water should be provided in a bowl at all times and changed weekly. Some simple furnishing should include a hide box and a few branches to climb on, you can also buy fake plants which make the enclosure look great and gives something else for the snake to hide in.

[ Temperature and Humidty ]
Heatcords are the best option for heating plastic containers, a larger enclosure can have a heat bulb. Either way a thermostat should be used to make sure it keeps at the temperature required. They need a basking hot spot of 32'C, the cool end should go down to about 25'C. They should be provided with 12 hours of light, and 12 hours of dark. Humidity can be anywhere between 40 - 60 % however as I live in Queensland Australia the humidity is usually higher than this and mine have no problems. Just mist the enclosure daily when you notice it is coming up to a shed.

[ Feeding ]
Young snakes should be fed on an appropriate sized mouse or rat weekly. Animals over 2 years of age can be reduced back to one meal every fortnight. Frozen thawed is the best way to feed, 99% of snakes will happily accept this. To judge the right size rodent to feed, it should be about 1.5x the width of the snake at its widest point. This way it will leave a nice lump but not too large.

Any more information you need i'll be happy to help! =)




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